SLEEP DISORDERS AND ITS TYPES

Sleep disorder is now getting common in all age groups even in youngsters. Good sleep is necessary for optimal health and can affect hormone levels, mood and weight. Sleep problems, including snoring, sleep apnea, insomnia, sleep deprivation, and restless legs syndrome, are common. 

When you're repeatedly interrupted and can't cycle normally through these types and stages of sleep, you may feel tired, fatigued, and has trouble concentrating and paying attention while you're awake. Sleepiness puts you at greater risk for car wrecks and other accidents.

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM DISORDER:

This clock is a small part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. It sits just above the nerves leaving the back of our eyes. Light and exercise "reset" the clock and can move it forward or backward. Abnormalities related to this clock are called circadian rhythm disorders. 

Circadian rhythm disorders include jet lag, adjustments to shift work, delayed sleep phase syndrome and advanced sleep phase. 

INSOMIA:

Insomnia is a sleep disorder where people have difficulty falling or staying asleep. People with insomnia have one or more of the following symptoms:

• Difficulty falling asleep.

• Waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep.

• Waking up too early in the morning.

• Having unrefreshing sleep.

• Having at least one daytime problem such as fatigue, sleepiness, problems with mood, concentration, accidents at work or while driving, etc. due to poor sleep.

SLEEP APNEA:

Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder that occurs when a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep. People with untreated sleep apnea stop breathing repeatedly during their sleep.

There are two types of sleep apnea: obstructive and central.

OBSTRUCTIVE: It is the more common of the two. It is caused by a blockage of the airway, usually when the soft tissue in the back of the throat collapses during sleep.

CENTRAL: In this sleep disorder, the airway is not blocked, but the brain fails to tell the body to breathe. This type is called central apnea because it is related to the function of the central nervous system. 

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